Orchids are typically placed into two main groupings, epiphytal and terrestrial. The epiphytal grow upon the bark of tree trunks and tree branches. There are several different methods for growing this type of orchid in one’s home or in a greenhouse. It all begins with the potting.
In a state of nature, the epiphytals generally have roots that are much more exposed to air as compared to other plants. Therefore, by “potting” we do not mean packing them around with dense potting soil. Rather, we want to place them in a pot with loose, organic matter, from which they can pull necessary nutrients, along with rocks or broken pottery bits to create open spaces as well as to assist the plants to stay upright.
The typical formula for potting compost suitable to the epiphytals is one part sphagnum to 1 part peat moss. Place a layer of this mixture into the bottom of your pot, followed by a layer of rocks or pottery bits, then another layer of the compost, and so forth. When the pot is about a quarter or at most a third full, carefully place the orchid’s root system down into it. Then proceed to add more rocks and moss mix, packing all of this potting material only tight enough to support the orchid plant.
You should gradually build up the compost until it is up to and even slightly above the top of the pot. The height you should go above the top of the pot depends on the size of the pot and the depth to which you have placed the orchid. The rule of thumb is to allow the plant’s crown to rest on the top of the compost. By crown we mean that part of the orchid plant from where the roots begin.
If you happen to be repotting a plant, you must be careful about removing it from the old pot. If there are any new roots clinging to the outside of the pot, you should try to ease them off with a blade of some kind. It there is a mass of living roots — that is, roots that have sap in them — attached to the interior of the pot, then you might have to break the pot and pick away all of those roots that you can. You may need to then repot it with bits of the old pot still hanging on the roots, and this is acceptable.
It is generally not a good idea to water the plant for a day or so before or after potting.
This has been a basic introduction to potting epiphytal orchids. The subject can be more complex than this, particularly in the case of some of the more delicate or senstive species. Whole volumes have been written on how to pot the many different types of orchid! Luckily, most of us don’t need books devoted soley to the potting art in order to have success with orchids. A recognized, step-by-step guide to all aspects of orchid growing is usually sufficient.
Nowadays, of course, we have a huge amount of solid information on the proper way to grow orchids. The most up-to-date guidebook to today’s orchid cultivation, beyond question, is Orchid Care Expert by master orchid grower Nigel Howard, which can be downloaded from the Internet. Mr. Howard’s ebook is a thorough course, enlightening for novices and more experienced cultivators alike. Also, come back here often to GoGoKitty’s Orchid Secrets site, which has an ever-expanding database of entries on many facets of orchid care.
